Islamic marriage advice and family advice

I learnt that secret marriage is haram, how do I wait until I am established?

secret nikahI am 26 years of age. I have married secretly 2 years ago and since then we are living with our respective family other than living together because we live in two different states of my country.  only recently we get to know that performing marriage without informing parents is haram, in the eyes of Islam.

We did inter course couple of time, maintaining all the religious norms and rules. Now my question is what am I suppose to do now after knowing that what we did is not valid actually? Will it be considered as “Zinaa”?

We are to expose it once I am established. We completed the marriage in front of Quazi and 3 male witnesses and registered it according to the Muslim law. At present my wife is studying while I have just completed my university degree. Other than my only two sisters and their husbands no one knows about the marriage, let alone anyone from my wife’s side.

My intention is once I get establishment, then to arrange walima and other formalities with the acceptance of our family member and guidance, starting our own family life. We know our parents will not complain if I get establishment, but before that it is really tough for both of us to manage our parents and have their permissions.

Until then how we should maintain our relationship reveling that secret marriage is prohibited in Islam? Please suggest me what should I do now?  Is my wife is haram for me right now?

~ shahariar


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18 Responses »

  1. ASSALAMALAIKUM

    YOUR WHOLE STORY SHOW YOU HAVE MADE YOUR TRADITIONAL NIKAH AND EVEN DONE INTERCOURSE-
    THIS IS CONISDERED AS ZINAH BECAUSE THE WALI -THE PARENTS OF THE GIRL WERE NOT INFORMED AND YOU/HER DIDNT SEEK THEIR PERMISSION AND SIGN IN YOUR TRADITIONAL NIKAH-

    It was narrated that Abu Moosa said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “There is no marriage without a guardian.”

    (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 1101; Abu Dawood, 2085; Ibn Maajah, 1881. Classed as saheeh by Shaykh al-Albaani (may Allaah have mercy on him) in Saheeh al-Tirmidhi, 1/318)

    It was narrated that ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: Any woman who gets married without the permission of her guardian, her marriage is invalid, her marriage is invalid, her marriage is invalid.

    YOU HAVE TO ESTABLISH MEANS YOU DONT TRUST IN ALLAH AND TRUST YOUR CAREER AND ACHIEVEMENTS WHICH MADE YOU TAKE THE WRONG STEP OF IN VALID NIKAH AND THEN ESTABLISH YOURSELF[IN YOUR OWN WAY NOT THE WAY OF ALLAHS ESTABLISHMENT]AS IT IS DONE FOR THE WHOLE MANKIND-

    HOPE YOU WILL STOP SEEING OR MEETING HER AND APPROACH HER FATHER FOR HER HAND AND THEN GO AHEAD WITH THE ISLAMIC NIKAH MAY BE ALLAH WILL FORGIVE YOU FOR THE PAST WRONG STEP YOU TOOK
    REGARDS
    ALI YOUSUFF

  2. You need a consent from the guardians of the female, I don't understand why kids these days make mistakes without doing any research on it. It doesn't take more then 30 mins to research a certain topic. so why is it hard for people to look up religious stuff.
    Any how, here is something personal...I am planning to get my husband re married, due to a huge, reason which does allow a man to marry...and i did so many research on this that it is not even funny. Head to toe i know, about everything, even I read that the husband just needs consent from the wives, parents then he can marry for up to 4 times, as long as the parents of the girl being proposed agree. I also learned about the rights of what the both wives will have etc.
    I am just in shock that you that that you where smart enough to manipulate that girl to marry you...and wow you did!! And she didn't even think of it once. UFF, what if the parents don't agree now. what will you do then...????????
    So, what your doing is zina. as the person above my comment mentioned this hadith...
    It was narrated that Abu Moosa said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “There is no marriage without a guardian.”

    Anyways I am going to pray a lot for that girl and for you that both sets of parents agree to this marriage, and get you married like a wedding in Islam should be. Please don't mix western thoughts and culture, with our Religion and Culture... I hope you guys will get married the Halal, way. If I where you I will tell her parents and my parents today...

    AnnA

    • Salam'alaykum,

      even I read that the husband just needs consent from the wives, parents then he can marry for up to 4 times,

      Actually, Islamically, a husband does not need his wife nor his parents consent in order to marry another one.

    • Anna I speak from experience sometimes the women who manipulates the man trick him to get married propose to him and even put pressure you shouldn't assume it s always the man weither it s obvious zinah or invalid contract

  3. Please do not misunderstand me. We both did not know that secret marriage is haram . When we realize that our relation going deeper and deeper , we decided we should marry, fearing Allah, so than we avoid sin . and then we did intercourse knowing we my wife is halal for me.Then I discovered that what we knew during this year was wrong. Even my elder sister, my sister in law was astonished when I informed them that secret marriage is not valid in Islam. It is the problem of our surroundings, lack of practice pure Islam. I was trying to be a good Muslim but somehow I did a huge mistake.

    Now I feel hesitation to talk with her via phone. We did not even see each other yet,knowing the truth. I am mentioning again what I did unknowingly . Will Allah forgive me? I am terrified! The Zena is something what is I hate so much in my whole life, I am guilty now for doing thins!

    one more thing establishment is nothing to me. But the problem is our social structure. Both my and her parents will not allow us to married in a Islamic way. Now here come the question what can we do during this period ? I want to marry her following Islam and my prophet. So I need her parents permission. That is why I talked about establishment. please do not misjudge me. I am breaking down. Help me please, find me a better solution.

    • First thing first,RELAX.

      I don't know to which sect you belong but if it was hanafi fiqh then you marriage seems to be valid.In hanafi fiqh,I suppose the permission of guardian is not necessary although it is recommended.

      I am just a lay man but I do know couple of things regarding hanafi fiqh.

      Please sort out this matter with the help of educated imam or scholar. Make sure the imam tells you the rulings of the four schools of fiqh.

    • Assalam walaikum brother,

      We all have made mistakes brother, not just you. You are trying to make better choices for Allah. Allah Subhanah WaTallah tells us that as long as we make tobah and leave our past sins, that we will be forgiven for those past sins. I think the first repky to your post was sincere, but the sister after that post should have replied as the first post did; with hadith and sunnah, not bashing you. You are obviously sincere about making the right choice. And if you didn't know, now you do. We have all donr haram things. So, before we give other people Islamic advice, we should make sure give it with a gentle nature, as was the nature of our beloved prophet Mohammed Salalahu alehi Wassalem. InshAllah you wil have a beautiful life with your wife and may Allah increase us with Iman.

  4. Please read this

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    Hanafi Position

    Before we go into the evidences, it is better to clarify what the Hanafi position is regarding this matter. It is stated that an adult, sane woman, virgin or previously married, has the right to carry out her nikah without the permission of her wali (guardian) to someone who is suitable. This step is to be used as a last resort when all other steps have been exhausted to obtain permission from the father. It is stated in Imdad ul-Mufteen pg 440:

    “Nikah of a woman without permission of father is valid but if this woman marries without permission in the absence of a valid legal reason, then she is sinful. Firstly, it is a sin to displease the father without any valid cause. Secondly, to marry without permission of the wali is also a shameless act and not void of sin.”

    Hence it is seen that a woman should marry herself off to someone suitable only if it is extremely necessary. However, if the woman marries herself off to someone who is unsuitable, then such a marriage has not taken place. It is stated in Durr al-Mukhtar vol.2 pg 29:

    “If a woman marries a ghair kufu’ (unsuitable) man without the permission of her wali, then this is invalid.”

    The marriage will only be valid if the woman marries a kufu’. If her wali, however, gives permission for her to marry a non-kufu’ then the marriage will be valid.

    This was the gist of the Hanafi position regarding marriage of an adult, sane, free woman who is a virgin or previously married, without the wali’s permission.

    Evidence for Maliki, Shafi’i and Hanbali schools

    Qadhi Abu’l Waleed Muhammad bin Ahmed Ibn Rushd Maliki (rh), in Bidayatul Mujtahid vol.2 pg. 6-7, writes:

    “Imam Malik (rh), in Ashhab’s narration from him, said that there is no marriage without a guardian and that it (guardianship) is a condition of validity.
    . . . .The fourth opinion is Malik’s (rh), as derived from ibn al-Qasim’s narration that its stipulation as a demand is Sunnah, but not Fardh. This is because it is narrated from him that he used to view inheritance among parties married without a guardian (as valid), and permitted an unchaste woman to appoint a man as her guardian for her marriage, and he held as recommended that a deflowered woman present a guardian who could contract on her behalf. Thus, guardianship for him is one of the complementary demands and not a condition for validity, as against the statement of Malik’s (rh) disciples from Baghdad, who consider it a condition of validity and not that of perfection. The reason for their disagreement is the absence of a verse or tradition that is apparent, not to say explicit, about the stipulation of guardianship as a condition of marriage.”

    In Sharh Muslim vol.9 pg 205 [Publication: Matba'a Misriyya bil Azhar; 1929], Imam Nawawi (rh) states:

    “There is disagreement in the issue of permission by wali for the nikah to be valid. Imam Malik (rh) and Imam Shafi’i (rh) have said the validity of the nikah rests on the permission of the wali.
    . . . .Imam Malik (rh) and Imam Shafi’i (rh) have derived their opinion from the hadith ‘la nikah ila biwali’ (There is no nikah without wali).”

    It is stated in al-Mughni vol.7 pg 5, by Ibn Qudama (rh):

    “Nikah without wali is not valid and a woman can neither do her own nikah nor do someone else’s nikah. A woman cannot make a non-wali her wali and if she does this then such a nikah will be invalid. ‘Umar, ‘Ali, Ibn Mas’ud, Abu Hurraira (rha) and ‘Ayesha (raa) had the same view. Sa’eed bin Musaib, Hasan, ‘Umar bin Abdul Aziz, Jabir bin Zaid Thawri, Ibn Abi Laila, Ibn Shabirma, Ibn al-Mubarak, Shafi’i, Ishaq and Abu ‘Ubaid also hold the same opinion. And it is narrated from Ibn Sireen, Qasim bin Muhammad, Hasan bin Salih, Abu Salih and Abu Yusuf that nikah without permission of wali is not correct and if she does the nikah then the validity depends on the permission of the wali.
    . . . .And our evidence is the hadith where Prophet Muhammad ﷺ has said ‘la nikah ila biwali’ (There is no nikah without wali). Imam Ahmad (rh) and Yahya (rh) have declared this hadith to be sahih.”

    Evidence by the Hanafi School

    The hadith ‘la nikah ila biwali’ is reported in Jami’ Tirmidhi, Kitab an-Nikah, as follows:

    “Abu Musa (ra) reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, ‘Marriage is not performed if (consent of the) guardian is not there.”

    This hadith has also been reported in Ahmad, Abu Dawood, Ibn Majah and Darmi.

    Maulana Shah Abdul Haq Muhaddith Dehalwi in Ashi‘-‘at al-Lama’aat, Sharh Mishkat vol.4 pg 286 writes:

    “There has been kalam (discussion) whether this hadith is sahih or not. Many a’imma hadith do not accept it to be sahih.”

    In Sharh Ma’ani al-Athar vol.3 pg 17-18, Imam Tahawi writes:

    “The people of the first opinion (la nikah ila biwali) consider as evidence that which has been narrated from Abu Ishaq through Israel. He narrates from Abu Barda who narrates from his father that the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, ‘no nikah without (consent of) the wali.’
    So the evidence against them is that according to their rules it is not correct to use this hadith as proof because those people who have stronger memory than Israel, like Sufyan and Shu’bah, have narrated it ‘munqati’an’ (broken) from Abu Ishaq.
    . . . .If they say Abu ‘Awanah narrated this hadith marfu’an like Israel, Abu ‘Awanah narrates from Ishaq who narrates from Abu Burdah who narrates from Abu Musa that, the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, ‘no nikah without (consent of) wali.’
    Then we will say that this hadith has been narrated through Abu ‘Awana like you have said but we have checked the origin of the hadith and it is narrated from Abu ‘Awana from Israel and he narrates it from Abu Ishaq and thus the narration of Abu ‘Awana also returns to Israel.
    Mu’alla bin Mansoor Razi says that Abu ‘Awana narrated to me from Abu Ishaq through Israel from his sanad similar to this.
    Hence this negates that Abu ‘Awana had anything from Abu Ishaq directly.”

    Dr. Maulana Fadhal Ahmed, in his commentary on the English translation of Jami’ Tirmidhi vol.1 pg 403 has noted:

    “As for the hadith of Abu Musa (ra) it is not a worthy piece of evidence because there is a contradiction in its reporting and connection. Imam Tirmidhi (rh) has himself confirmed this. Hence, the correct position is that this hadith is mursal, as Imam Tahawi also confirms, while Ibn Hajr Asqalani (rh) said that it is not correct to deduce from it.”

    A slight variant of this hadith is reported in Ibn Majah as follows:

    حدثنا ‏ ‏أبو كريب ‏ ‏حدثنا ‏ ‏عبد الله بن المبارك ‏ ‏عن ‏ ‏حجاج ‏ ‏عن ‏ ‏الزهري ‏ ‏عن ‏ ‏عروة ‏ ‏عن ‏ ‏عائشة ‏ ‏عن النبي ‏ ‏صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ ‏و عن ‏ ‏عكرمة ‏ ‏عن ‏ ‏ابن عباس ‏ ‏قالا

    “The prophet ﷺ said, ‘There is no nikah without (the permission of) the wali,’ and in the narration of ‘Ayesha it is added, ‘the sultan is the wali of the person who has no wali.’”

    Abul Hasan Muhammad bin Abdul Hadi as-Sanadee, in Sunan Ibn Majah bi Sharh as-Sanadee wa Misbah az-Zujajah fi Zawa’id Ibn Majah vol.2 pg 428 [Publication: Darul Ma’rifah, Beirut; 1996], comments on this hadith:

    “According to al-Zawa’id, its isnad contains in it al-Hajjaj who is Ibn Artaah. He is mudallis. He has transmitted it through ‘an‘ana and he has not heard from ‘Ikrama. He transmits from ‘Ikrama on the authority of Dawood bin al-Husain. Imam Ahmad held this opinion. Hajjaj did not hear from Zuhri. ‘Abbad bin Zuhri said this. Sulaiman bin Musa is in agreement with him in it and he is reliable. Zuhri reported ‘Ayesha (raa) on the authority of ‘Urwa as saying the word: ‘Any woman who marries without the consent of her guardian (her marriage) is invalid,’ as the scholars of sunan transmitted it. I said: ‘The scholars and devotees of hadith have criticized this isnad also.’”

    Another strange point is observed by Maulana Muhammad Qasim Amin, in his brief commentary of the Urdu translation of Sunan Ibn Majah, where he writes that Shafi’i generally do not accept Hajaj bin Artaah and Ibn Luhai’ah but in this case they are using their narration as evidence. He further adds in, Sunan Ibn Majah vol.2 pg 31:

    “Some hadith experts have stated that three ahadith are not proven to be from the Prophet Muhammad ﷺand one of them is the hadith ‘la nikah ila biwali’ and this is why it has not been recorded in the Sahihain; there is extreme ikhtilaf in the hadith.”

    Allama Badruddin al-‘Ainee, in ‘Umdatul Qari, vol.20 pg 165 [Publisher: Darul Kutub al-‘ilmiyyah; 2001] comments on a similar hadith narrated from Abu Huraira:

    “As for the hadith of Abu Hurairah, al-Mugheerah ibn Musa is in the chain of narrators about whom Bukhari said, ‘munkar al-hadith’ and Ibn Hiban said, ‘he narrates from people of trust that which does not resemble confirmed hadith,’ so he is not taken as hujjah anymore.”

    Further, these ahadith cannot be taken to be general and apparent in meaning as they will then act as evidence against those who oppose the Ahnaf. As Imam Shafi’i (rh) deems the nikah of an adult man without wali to be permissible, these ahadith will go against Imam Shafi’i (rh) as they do not mention whether the condition is restricted to males or females. Hence if the apparent and general meaning is taken then the nikah of an adult male will also be void without a wali, thus going against the opinion of Imam Shafi’i.

    The hadith of ‘Ayesha (ra) is reported in the following words in Jami’ Tirmidhi:

    “‘Ayesha (raa) reported that Allah’s Messenger ﷺ said, ‘If any woman marries without the consent of her guardian then her marriage is void. Her marriage is void. Her marriage is void. If he cohabits with her then for her is the dower as the man enjoyed her. And if her awliya dispute with each other then the ruler is the wali of the one who has no wali.”

    Mufti Ahmed Yar Khan Na’eemi, in Mir’atul Manajih vol. 5 pg 48 writes:

    “This hadith is da’eef and troubled just like the one preceding it. . . .Ibn Jareej says, ‘I asked Ibn Shuhab about this hadith and he denied it (Mirqat).’”

    Maulana Manzoor Ahmed, in Fadhl al-Ma’bud vol. 3 pg 285, writes:

    “Zuhri denied this hadith”

    Maulana Mohammad ‘Aqil, in Ad-Durrul Mandhud vol.4 pg 35, says:

    “One of the replies given in regards to this hadith is that its da’eef and it has Sulaiman bin Musa in the chain of narrators and he is weak. Bukhari said it was weak and Nasai said something (wrong) is in this hadith.”

    However, we will take all these ahadith to be of a sound chain. Yet, as explained previously, their apparent meaning cannot be taken. Even in this hadith, note that it mentions, if the man cohabits with the woman then she will get the dower. Dowry is something that is given to the wife. If the nikah would have been invalid, like how the opposition of the Ahnaf state, then this is a case of zina (fornication). And zina cannot be legalized by paying dowry to the woman. Thus it is obvious that “her marriage is batil (void)” cannot be taken literally to mean that the nikah never took place.

    It is also important to note that the hadith which the opposition quotes from ‘Ayesha (raa) is contrary to her action. Ghulam Rasool Sa’eedi, in Sharh Muslim vol. 3 pg 828, quotes a hadith from Musannaf Abi Sheeba which is as follows:

    “Qasim bin Muhammad says that ‘Ayesha (raa) did the nikah of the daughter of ‘Abdur Rahman bin Abi Bakr with Mundhir bin al-Zubair. At that time ‘Abdur Rahman was not present. When he came, he became angry and said, ‘O slaves of Allah! Is it done to a person like me that his daughter is married without his consultation? ‘Ayesha got angry and asked, ‘do you dislike Mundhir?’”

    A variant of this hadith is also recorded in Sharh Ma’ani al-Athar by different chains, where Mundhir stated that ‘Abdur Rahman has the authority and ‘Abdur Rahman said that he will not cancel anything which has been decided by ‘Ayesha (raa).

    In light of this one can come up with two conclusions. The first being, that ‘Ayesha (raa) did not consider the hadith ‘Her marriage is void. Her marriage is void. Her marriage is void,’ to be sahih and thus she acted opposite to it as seen in the hadith above. In this case, the former hadith cannot be used as evidence. The second being, that she does hold the former hadith to be true but the sense she implies is not what the opposition understand.

    Allama Badruddin al-‘Ainee, in ‘Umdatul Qari vol.20 pg 163, observes:

    “But its meaning refers to kamal (perfection) like in the hadith of the prophetﷺ about prayer when he says “no prayer (is valid) unless in a masjid.”

    Mufti Sa’eed Ahmed Palanpuri, in Tuhfatul Alma’ee vol.3 pg 518 adds:

    “Imam A’zam says that this hadith is to threaten against something and in such ahadith the deficient is declared as banned. This is seen, for example, in the hadith in Kitab at-Tahara where it is stated that a man who sleeps with a menstruating woman or enters his wife from behind or goes to soothsayer to ask about things of ghaib has rejected the deen which has been revealed onto Muhammad ﷺ. This hadith is to threaten and in it deficient iman has been talked about as being banned. Hence no one will do takfir of such a person. Over here also, deficiency in nikah has been expressed as banned. And the evidence (daleel) is that the prophet ﷺ has said that such a woman married without a wali, with whom the husband has cohabited, will get the dowry.
    . . . .And the meaning of the hadith is that if a woman does her nikah without consent of wali, then if the wali objects and the judge cancels the nikah, then if is wajib on the husband because the nikah was correct and the husband benefitted physically from his wife after a proper nikah. Thus dowry becomes wajib.”

    Moreover, in their apparent meaning, these ahadith also contradict the Qur’anic verse:

    فَلاَ تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَن يَنكِحْنَ أَزْوَاجَهُنَّ
    fala taAAduloohunna an yankihna azwajahunna
    Do not prevent them from marrying their husbands - [Qur’an 2:232]

    This verse is evidence for the Hanafi as if attributes the right of nikah to the women and also that the wali has no right to interfere in the matter of the woman. However, people who oppose Hanafi say this verse is evidence for their stand as the Qur’an forbids something to the wali and something can only be forbidden for someone who has authority over it.

    Mufti Taqi Uthmani (db) responds to this in Dars e Tirmidhi vol.3 pg 377:

    “The answer is that Shari’i or legal opposition by the wali is not referred to in this verse. In fact, ethical and social pressure is referred to here. Hence this verse was revealed at the time of the matter of Ma’qil bin Yasaar (ra) who was stopping his sister from marrying her previous husband. This subject of the verse is clarified by attributing ‘يَنكِحْنَ’ to the women.”

    The second verse which the Hanafi use as evidence is as follows:

    فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلاَ جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِي أَنفُسِهِنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ
    faitha balaghna ajalahunna fala junaha AAalaykum feema faAAalna fee anfusihinna bialmaAAroofi
    When they have fulfilled their term, there is no blame on you if they dispose of themselves in a just and reasonable manner. - [Qur’an 2:234]

    Mufti Muhammad ‘Aashiq Ilahi, in Tafsir Anwar ul Bayan vol.1 pg 297, writes:

    “Once her ‘iddah has expired, she is at liberty to do as she pleases on condition that she conforms with the Shari’ah. In this way, if she wishes to remarry, none can stop her.”

    The Quran also mentions:

    فَإِن طَلَّقَهَا فَلاَ تَحِلُّ لَهُ مِن بَعْدُ حَتَّىَ تَنكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ
    Fain tallaqaha fala tahillu lahu min baAAdu hatta tankiha zawjan ghayrahu
    Thereafter, if he divorces her, she shall no longer remain lawful for him unless she marries a man other than him. - [Qur’an 2:230]

    Mufti Taqi Uthmani (db), in Dars e Tirmidhi vol.3 pg 377, writes:

    “This verse also attributes marriage to the woman which is evidence by ‘Ishaaratun Nass’ that woman can do her nikah.”

    The opposition cites a verse in the Qur’an which is as follows:

    وَأَنكِحُوا الْأَيَامَى مِنكُمْ
    Waankihoo alayama minkum
    Arrange the marriage of the spouseless among you - [Qur'an 24:32]

    They say that the awliya are addressed in this verse and thus conclude that women do not have the right to marry without permission of the awliya.

    In the footnotes of Dars e Tirmidhi (by Mufti Taqi Uthmani) vol.3 pg 375, it is explained:

    “From this verse Allama Qurtubi Maliki (rh), in his tafsir and other muhaqqiqeen have used this to support the view of the majority.

    But the answer to this is that ‘Ayami’ is the plural of ‘Aym’ and it is referred to someone who has no spouse whether it is a male or a female just as Allama Qurtubi (rh) has mentioned. In light of this, the verse would thus mean that it is preferred for both men and women that they should not take steps for nikah without wali.

    As for the issue that if someone does do it without the wali then what is the hukm, the verse remains silent regarding it.

    Then if both adult males and females come under the meaning of ‘Ayami’ then as the nikah of a man who enters in it without wali is considered to be valid, similarly it would be valid if a woman does it without a wali.”

    Apart from the mentioned evidence, the Ahnaf derive their evidence from another hadith which appears in Sahih Muslim, in Kitab an-Nikah, and is as follows:

    “Ibn Abbas (ra) reported Allah's Messenger ﷺ as saying: An unmarried woman (al-Aym) has more right to her person than her guardian. And a virgin should also be consulted, and her silence implies her consent.”

    There is a disagreement among the scholars regarding the meaning of ‘al-Aym’. Its basic meaning is ‘an unmarried woman’. The disagreement lies in whether it means a previously married woman only or does it include an unmarried virgin (bikr) as well. Some have considered it to mean ‘thaib’ and these are the people who say a woman cannot do nikah without permission of wali. The others have said ‘al-Aym’ includes a woman who was never married. This latter meaning is confirmed by the ahl al-lughah. Imam Nawawi (rh) confirms this in his Sharh Muslim vol.9 pg 203 and adds that this was said by Ibrahim al-Harbi and Isma’eel al-Qadhi and others.

    Allama Shabbir Ahmed Uthmani, in I’laa us-Sunan, writes:

    “If one asks why the prophet ﷺ mentioned bikr again if Aym was supposed to include it, I say, bikr was mentioned so that one does not think bikr is not included because she is shy, so the prophet ﷺ mentioned her to confirm hukm on her. So this is takhsees (specialization) after ta’meem (generalization) to show difference between the 2 permissions.”

    In Sahih Muslim other variants of this hadith are also transmitted where the word ‘thaib’ is used. Thus those opposing the Hanafi opinion say ‘al-Aym’ means ‘thaib’.

    Mufti Taqi Uthmani (db), in Dars e Tirmidhi vol.3 pg 379, explains:

    “If we accept the tafsir of Imam Shafi’i and state that ‘Aym’ means ‘thaib’ only, even then the argument agrees and supports the Hanafi view. This is because it at least proves that a woman who has been previously married (thaib) has more rights on her nikah than the wali. (Imam Shafi’i says thaib cannot enter into contract by herself)” - text in parenthesis added

    In Muwatta Imam Malik, Kitab at-Talaq (Chapter: The ‘iddah of the widow if she is pregnant), a hadith appears as follows:

    “Umm Salama said, ‘Subai’a al-Aslamiyya had delivered after her husband’s death by half a month. Two men asked to marry her. One was young, and the other was old. She preferred the young man. The old man said, ‘You are not free yet (to marry).’ Her family was away, and he hoped that when her family would come, they may prefer him over the other man. She came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said, ‘You are free (of the ‘iddah), marry whoever you desire’.”

    This hadith supports the view of the Ahnaf and the authority to marry was clearly given to the woman by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.

    Mufti Taqi Uthmani (db), in Dars e Tirmidhi vol.3 pg 378, lists a number of ahadith to support the Hanafi view:

    “There is a hadith reported in Muwatta Imam Malik (Kitab an-Nikah; Chapter: What was said in the dower and un-returnable gifts) and Sahih Bukhari (Kitab an-Nikah; Chapter of the woman who gives herself in marriage to salih man), which states that a woman came to Prophet Muhammad ﷺand said, ‘Messenger of Allah! I have given myself to you.’ The prophet ﷺ maintained silence and the woman stood there for long. Then a man got up and said, ‘Messenger of Allah, marry her to me if you have no need of her.’ The prophet ﷺ asked him what dowry he can afford to give after which he said, ‘I have married her to you for what you know of the Quran.’

    At this time there was no wali of the woman present.

    It is mentioned in Tahawi (Kitab an-Nikah; Chapter of marriage without wali of authority), ‘Umm Salmah narrates that after the death of Abu Salmah the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and proposed to me. I said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! At this moment I do not have any wali present.’ He said, ‘No wali of yours, whether present or away, will dislike your marriage with me.’ So Umm Salmah said to her son, ‘O ‘Umar! Get up and do my nikah with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Hence, he did their nikah.

    This nikah also took place without any wali as ‘Umar bin Abi Salmah was a minor and hence it was not proper according to shari'ah for him to carry out the nikah. This was just a formality and to say that this nikah was carried out under the universal guardianship of the prophet ﷺ, then this is something farfetched because such a guardianship is in effect when guardians from among the family are not alive.”

    Further he states:

    “There is a narration in Kanz ul ‘Ummal (vol.12 pg 532) that ‘Ali (ra) used to tell people nikah without wali is impermissible but if such a nikah would take place then he would declare it valid.

    (And there is another narration in Kanz ul ‘Ummal vol. 12 pg 530) from Sa’eed bin al-Musaib who said that ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (ra) said, ‘the woman does not get married off unless with the permission of her wali or permission of someone responsible((ذی الرای good judgment or the sultan.’

    So in this way he permitted the nikah without the permission of a wali, provided someone of sound judgment or responsibility from among the relatives allow even if the person is not a wali.”

    Ghulam Rasool Sa’eedi, in Sharh Muslim vol.3 pg 828 mentions a narration from Musannaf Abi Sheeba:

    “It has been narrated from ‘Ali (ra) that he validated the nikah of a woman whose nikah mother married her off with her agreement without consent of any wali.”

    He further writes, while quoting from Musannaf Abdul Razzaq:

    “Mu’amar says, ‘I asked Zuhri the ruling on someone marrying without a wali. He said that if it is done in kufu’ then it is valid.’”

    When asked, “What are the basic requirements for Islamic Nikah,” Maulana Ahmed Mirpuri (rh) who was one of the leading scholars of the ghair muqalid, replies, in Islamic Verdicts (Fatawa Sirat-e-Mustaqeem) pg 228:

    “We have the following conditions for Nikah: 1) Acceptance from both sides, 2) Two witnesses, 3) Mahr (dowry). Basically, these are the requirements for a nikah. In some cases, the bride’s attorney is also conditional, and is recommended in some cases. Proper conduct of the ceremony, the khutbah and explanation of the duties after marriage, are all considered as Sunnah but not a condition.”

    While many ghair muqalid try to criticize the Hanafi regarding their ruling on this issue, one of their scholars has given a ruling similar to the Hanafi opinion.

    Conclusion

    It is thus seen that the position of Imam Abu Hanifa (rh) is by far the strongest position in this matter. There is also a matter of Qiyas here whereby the Ahnaf say that just as an adult man can utilize his property may marry properly by word, so also a woman who can utilize her property may marry by her word. Hence as she has right over her property she has right over her person. For the Ahnaf, ahadith like ‘la nikah ila biwali’ hold the meaning that the compulsion for the presence of wali is for immature or slave women and not for adult, sane women. And in light of the evidence given to support the Hanafi view, one cannot interpret the narrations used by the opposition in any other way.

    http://www.peopleofsunnah.com/fiqh/rulings/marriage/62.html

    • @aaaa-

      first!! have you read all that what you posted ?

      if you dont know about something then please don't answer and confuse others more.

      it is not permissible for a man to marry a woman without the permission of her walee (guardian), regardless of whether she is a virgin or previously-married. This is the view of the majority of scholars, including al-Shaafa’i, Maalik and Ahmad. They take as evidence (daleel) the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him):

      “There should be no nikaah (marriage contract) except with a wali (guardian).”

      (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 1101; Abu Dawood, 2085; Ibn Maajah, 1881. It is saheeh, as stated in Irwaa’ al-Ghaleel,6/235, by al-Albaani, may Allaah have mercy on him).

      And the hadeeth:

      “Any woman who gets married without the permission of her wali, her marriage is invalid, her marriage is invalid, her marriage is invalid. If her husband has consummated the marriage, then the mahr belongs to her in return for that. If she does not have a wali then the (Muslim) ruler is the wali of anyone who does not have a wali.”

      (Narrated and classed as hasan by al-Tirmidhi, 1102; Abu Dawood, 2083; Ibn Maajah, 1879).
      ____________________

      May Allah grant us success! May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet, his family and Companions!

      • Right! When we have a hadith, opinions don't matter. That is what Imam Abu Haneefah meant when he asked people to leave his position when a hadith opposed it.

        Abu Abdul Bari
        IslamicAnswers.com Editor

        • Is Hanafi position wrong ? Please enlighten me so that I can also correct my Islamic knowledge .

          • It is a position based on taqleed of someone other than Allah and His Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, which results in rejection of Ahaadeeth. One must take heed and stop a practice that opposes Quran and Ahaadeeth. If Imam Abu Haneefah Rahimahullah was among us, would he have chosen his opinion when we had a clear hadith? The answer is "no".

            Abu Abdul Bari
            IslamicAnswers.com Editor

  5. I requested for help. IF it is invailid brother and sister please give me a solution what should i do now?
    Can anyone have any idea?please. By the way thanks all of you for giving me suggestion.
    May Allah bless you all.

  6. Brother aaa

    yes we follow hanafi fiqh . do you think it is ok then?IS there anybody can help me?

    • did u read my previous comment ?

      please follow the sahih hadith.

      Abu Haneefah (rahimahullaah) said

      1. "When a hadeeth is found to be saheeh, then that is my madhhab."

      2. "When I say something contradicting the Book of Allaah the Exalted or what is narrated from the Messenger (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam), then ignore my saying."

      for references check the below link
      www.qss.org/articles/salah/01.html#RTFToC5

      _________________
      May Allah grant us success! May peace and blessings be upon our Prophet, his family and Companions!

  7. Asalam alaykum.. Please i need ur help.. I am 21 and the brother is 26...

    • Umm nada, I deleted the rest of your comment. Please log in and write your question as a separate post, thank you.

      Wael
      IslamicAnswers.com Editor

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